The Net Zero Emissions by 2050 Scenario (NZE Scenario) outlines a strategic roadmap for the global energy sector to attain net zero CO2 emissions by 2050, with advanced economies leading the charge. This scenario not only aligns with key energy-related Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), notably achieving universal energy access by 2030 and enhancing air quality, but also adheres to the objective of capping global temperature rise at 1.5°C, as recommended by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC)’s Sixth Assessment Report.
Historically, the energy sector has contributed approximately three-quarters of global greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. However, the NZE Scenario envisions achieving net zero energy-related CO2 emissions by 2050 without necessitating actions beyond the energy sector. Nonetheless, comprehensive efforts to mitigate climate change will demand broader action. Consequently, an assessment of CO2 emission reductions from land use that align with the energy sector’s transformation in the NZE Scenario is imperative. This assessment will be conducted in collaboration with the International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA).
Net Zero Emissions in India’s Context
During the 26th session of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (COP 26) in November 2021, India announced its commitment to achieving net zero emissions by 2070. India’s long-term low-carbon development strategy, submitted to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, reiterates this target.
The salient features of the programme are:
Developing low-carbon electricity systems aligned with development goals.
Creating an integrated, efficient, and inclusive transport system.
Promoting urban design adaptation, energy and material efficiency in buildings, and sustainable urbanisation.
Facilitating economy-wide decoupling of growth from emissions and fostering an innovative low-emission industrial system.
Advancing carbon dioxide removal and related engineering solutions.
Enhancing forest and vegetation cover in harmony with socioeconomic and ecological considerations.
Additionally, India has initiated the Sustainable Alternative Towards Affordable Transportation (SATAT) program. SATAT aims to establish Compressed Bio-Gas (CBG) production plants and make CBG accessible in the market for automotive fuel usage.
