A new study by The University of Queensland and Indian Institute of Technology Delhi has developed a cleaner and more cost-effective method to convert sugarcane waste into biofuel, with potential to support sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) production, according to Ethanol Producer Magazine.
The research focuses on bagasse, the fibrous residue from sugarcane, which is widely used for ethanol production. Scientists say the improved process could lower costs and environmental impact, making it more viable for scaling up biofuels, including SAF.
The process, tested by PhD researcher Neethu Joshikumar, addresses a key challenge in ethanol production—removing lignin, a component that restricts access to fermentable sugars in bagasse.
Conventional methods use strong acids and large amounts of water, making the process expensive and less sustainable. The new approach replaces these with a biodegradable liquid known as a deep eutectic solvent, allowing the entire process to be completed in a single step.
Researchers said the method removes the need for separation and washing, reduces energy use, and shortens processing time. It also preserves enzymes and yeast required for fermentation, improving overall efficiency.
The study also found that sugarcane varieties with higher cellulose and lower lignin content produce better ethanol yields.
According to researchers, integrating this method with existing sugar mills could offer a cost-effective and sustainable pathway for large-scale biofuel production, including SAF.
Joshikumar said the research could help reduce crop residue burning in India, offering farmers an alternative use for agricultural waste while supporting cleaner energy goals.
The findings have been published in the journal Biofuels, Bioproducts and Biorefining, and further work will continue under a research programme at The University of Queensland focused on developing plant-based alternatives to fossil fuels.
